Early Path Medical Consultation Services

Frequently Asked Questions - Cytogenetics

What is Cytogenetics?

Cytogenetics is the laboratory analysis of tissues in order to study- and most commonly, to count- the cell's chromosome number. It requires fresh tissue, dissected carefully under sterile conditions, to separate out maternal tissue from the placental and/or embryo/fetal tissues. The tissues are digested, to separate the tissue into its single cells, that then are placed in culture. The culture medium has nutrients and growth factors that enable cells even that have not divided (made new cells) to grow and divide. This means that even cells of a miscarriage, especially the placental cells (that are able to feed longer off the mother's bloodstream) can be grown successfully and the chromosomes of the pregnancy tissues can be counted.

Why and when should cytogenetics be done?

This is determined on a specific case-to-case basis, based on the likelihood of a karyotypically abnormal conceptus. Cytogenetics must be done on fresh tissue (not fixed in formalin) so any decision must be made before any pathologic examination is initiated. Upon request, we can provide you with a kit that includes all materials you will need to prepare your sample for both cytogenetics and pathology.

Is the cost of cytogenetics included in the pathology fee?

No. Cytogenetics is a separate procedure and costs will vary depending on where you have the service performed. If it is determined that cytogenetics are appropriate in your case, our office can recommend a reliable service.